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书名:|作者:笑无语|本书类别:古言|更新时间:06:38:22|字数:3896字

一 |     The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC), the State Council, the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and the Central Military Commission (CMC) held a grand gathering at the Great Hall of the People on the morning of Aug. 17 to commemorate the birth centenary of Comrade Jiang Zemin, a great Marxist, proletarian revolutionary, statesman, military strategist and diplomat, and an exceptional leader for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping, also Chinese president and chairman of the CMC, delivered an important speech, stressing the need to deeply cherish the memory of Jiang's towering achievements, thoroughly learn from his noble demeanor, and inspire the whole Party and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to continuously advance the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.    Other members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee Li Qiang, Zhao Leji, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, Ding Xuexiang and Li Xi, as well as Chinese Vice President Han Zheng, attended the gathering.    The atmosphere in the magnificent auditorium of the Great Hall of the People was solemn. Above the rostrum hung a banner which read "Gathering to Commemorate the Birth Centenary of Comrade Jiang Zemin." At the center of the backdrop was a giant portrait of the late leader, with the lettering "1926-2026" beneath it. Another banner hung on the second-floor observation deck read: "Rally Closely Around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at Its Core. Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. Adhere to the Party's Basic Theory, Basic Line and Basic Policy, and Strive Unremittingly to Build a Great Country and Advance National Rejuvenation on All Fronts Through Chinese Modernization."    At 10 a.m., the gathering opened to the resounding strains of China's national anthem.    In his important speech, Xi noted that Jiang lived a glorious life and a life of fighting and struggle, and worked tirelessly throughout his life to contribute to the cause of national independence and the liberation of the people, and to the prosperity of the country and the well-being of the people. Xi said Jiang played a leading role in making impressive and new progress in socialist material, political and cultural-ethical advancement and Party building, made indelible contributions to safeguarding the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, breaking new ground in reform and opening-up in all respects, achieving overall moderate prosperity in people's livelihoods, and successfully advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century, and won the love and esteem of the whole Party, the entire military and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, as well as the wide acclaim of the international community.    Through his revolutionary career that lasted for over 70 years, especially his great practices leading to the great achievements of the Party and the country following the fourth plenary session of the 13th CPC Central Committee, Jiang fully demonstrated his great talent, bold vision, critical role, and art of leadership as a Marxist statesman, and fostered noble demeanor that is always invaluable for us to learn from and always inspires us to move forward, Xi said.    Jiang remained steadfastly committed to communist ideals, devoted himself to the Party and the people, and worked hard for the cause of the Party and the people unswervingly, Xi noted. He called on all Party members to draw strength from Jiang's firm political conviction, never forget the original aspiration and the founding mission, foster firm belief in Marxism, conviction in communism, and confidence in socialism with Chinese characteristics, and remain committed to the Party's basic theory, line and policy.    All Party members were urged to be self-aware to enhance the "Four Consciousnesses" of maintaining political integrity, thinking in big-picture terms, following the leadership core, and keeping in alignment with the central Party leadership, reinforce the "Four-sphere Confidence" in the path, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and observe the "Two Upholds" for General Secretary Xi Jinping's core position on the CPC Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and for the Central Committee's authority and its centralized, unified leadership.    Xi also called for efforts to adhere to the overall leadership of the Party and the centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee, persevere with full and rigorous Party self-governance, and ensure that the Party remains the strong leadership core in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.    Xi stressed that Jiang stood firmly on the side of the people, cared about their well-being and shared their concerns, and made decisions and advanced the work based on the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. Xi called for learning from Jiang's deep and genuine commitment to serving the people, keeping firmly in mind that the country is the people and the people are the country, upholding the people-centered development philosophy, and fostering and putting into practice a correct view of political performance. He called for standing firmly on the people's side, strengthening the awareness of being a public servant, following the Party's mass line in the new era, relying on the people to create history, and making solid progress in promoting the well-rounded development of individuals and the common prosperity of the entire population.    Moreover, Jiang remained committed to emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and advancing with the times, Xi pointed out. Responding to the demands of the times and the needs of practice, Jiang continuously advanced innovation in theory, institutions, science and technology, culture and other fields. Party members should learn from Jiang's innovative spirit of keeping up with the times, integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China's specific realities and fine traditional culture, and constantly opening up new ground for adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. These efforts should promote further deepening reform and opening-up across the board, advancing the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance, stimulating creativity within the entire Party and society, and providing sustained impetus for economic and social development.    Xi also highlighted Jiang's broad vision and keen grasp of the major trends, which enabled him to assess situations in the overall development of China and the world as well as from the overall interests of the Party and the country. Jiang also advanced the cause of the Party and the country with a series of major decisions and important measures that carried significance to the world and the future.    The Party and the people should learn from the far-sighted strategic thinking of Jiang, Xi said. It is imperative to pursue a strategy of national rejuvenation amid global changes of a magnitude not seen in a century, advance the great struggle, the great project, the great cause, and the great dream, ensure coordinated implementation of the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan to promote coordinated progress in the economic, political, cultural, social and eco-environmental fields, and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy which highlights building a modern socialist country in all respects, driving reform to a deeper level, fully implementing the rule of law, and strengthening full and rigorous Party self-governance, fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts, move faster to create a new pattern of development, and make solid progress in promoting high-quality development. It is important to add more positive energy to world peace and development by implementing the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative and the Global Governance Initiative and striving for the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.    Xi noted that Jiang demonstrated decisive leadership in tackling risks and challenges and overcame difficulties and obstacles with great resolution at major historical junctures and critical moments, thereby opening up broad space and creating a favorable environment for China's modernization drive. It is necessary to learn from his extraordinary courage and vision, be more mindful of potential dangers, build up thinking to deal with worst-case scenarios, better coordinate development and security, get ready to withstand high winds, choppy waters, and even dangerous storms with a tenacious fighting spirit and superb ability to struggle, and resolutely safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests in a bid to write a new chapter in sustaining the two miracles of rapid economic growth and long-term social stability.    Through sustained efforts over the years, the cause of the Party and the country has been thriving, and the people have been enjoying peace and security with continuously improving livelihoods. The prospects for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation are bright, and the dream for which generations have worked tirelessly is becoming a reality step by step, Xi emphasized. He called on the whole Party, the entire military, and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to stay closely rallied around the CPC Central Committee, hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, remain confident and strive to build a great country and advance national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization, thereby continuing to create better lives for the Chinese people and writing an even more splendid chapter for the Chinese nation.    When presiding over the gathering, Li Qiang pointed out that the important speech of General Secretary Xi Jinping reviewed Jiang's life of glory and struggle, spoke highly of the indelible contributions Jiang had made to the Party and the people, and systematically summarized his lofty bearing. In the speech, Xi called for earnest study of Jiang's unshakable political faith, sincere devotion to the people, forward-looking innovative spirit, far-sightedness and strategic thinking, as well as resolute and extraordinary courage.    Xi's speech is of political, ideological and theoretical significance, Li said, calling for all to gain a thorough understanding of its essence and earnestly implement its spirit. "We should rally more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era," Li said.    Li said the whole Party should gain a deep understanding of the "Two Affirmations" of Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and of the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, enhance the "Four Consciousnesses," bolster the "Four-sphere Confidence" and act on the "Two Upholds," so as to strive unremittingly to advance the cause of building a great country and national rejuvenation through Chinese modernization.    The gathering concluded to the solemn tunes of "The Internationale."    Also present at the event were: Wang Yi, Yin Li, Shi Taifeng, Liu Guozhong, Li Ganjie, Li Shulei, Li Hongzhong, He Lifeng, Zhang Guoqing, Chen Wenqing, Wen Jiabao, Jia Qinglin, Zhang Dejiang, Yu Zhengsheng, Li Zhanshu, Wang Yang, Li Lanqing, Zeng Qinghong, Li Changchun, He Guoqiang, Liu Yunshan, Wang Qishan, Zhang Gaoli, leaders of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, the Standing Committee of the NPC, the State Council, the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the National Committee of the CPPCC and the CMC, as well as comrades who have retired from leading posts.    The participants also included leading officials of central Party and government departments, the military and people's organizations and of the Beijing Municipality; responsible chiefs of the central committees of the non-Communist parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and representatives of non-party personages; members and alternate members of the CPC Central Committee present in Beijing; members of the NPC Standing Committee and members of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee in Beijing and representatives of veteran cadres and old comrades; Jiang's relatives, former staff members who once worked alongside him and representatives from his hometown as well as delegates to a symposium on Jiang's life and thought; representatives from all civilian sectors of the capital, and representative officers and soldiers of military units stationed in Beijing. About 6,000 people attended the gathering in total.    Prior to the event, Xi and other leaders cordially met with Jiang's family members and posed for group photographs with them.                    。    

【文/观察者网 熊超然】一边是现任总统,已宣布将中国电动汽车进口关税从25%翻倍至100%;另一边是还未重返白宫的前总统,已急不可耐地扬言“将对所有中国商品征收至少60%的关税”。可以看出,在拜登和特朗普的这场总统大选“二番战”中,两人竟这般视中美经贸如同儿戏。
香港《南华早报》5月16日报道指出,随着美国政府本周早些时候宣布对一系列标志性中国出口商品加征关税,在今年11月的美国总统大选日益临近之际,拜登和特朗普正准备在这场所谓的“战略贸易竞争”中各自表现出“强硬之姿”,而此举加剧了全球第二大经济体中国的担忧。
六年来,中美的贸易摩擦仍令两国关系紧张,拜登虽然嘴上说着“寻求对华对话”,但在国会和部分美国选民的施压下,保持了强硬的贸易立场。而分析人士指出,作为2018年中美“贸易战”的始作俑者,特朗普可能重返白宫后的举动也越发受到中方关注。

二 |

众多专家学者指出,无论是听特朗普言,还是观拜登行,中方一直在为各种情况做心理准备,既会寻求谈判途径,也不会如美方这样“强行加戏”加剧局势紧张。他们认为,正如中国外交部发言人所说“将采取一切必要措施捍卫自身权益”,中方此后一方面可能会对美发起反制措施,同时也会继续拓展更多其他新兴市场。
作为拜登政府的前任政府,特朗普政府曾在2017年发起所谓“301贸易调查”,指控中国利用歧视性的许可制度、不公平的技术转让协议、有针对性的对外投资活动、未经授权的对美国商业计算机网络的入侵行为以及通过互联网进行的知识产权盗窃活动等来获取外国技术。
当地时间5月14日,拜登政府发布对华加征301关税四年期复审结果,宣布在原有对华301关税基础上,进一步提高对自华进口的电动汽车、锂电池、光伏电池、关键矿产、半导体以及钢铝、港口起重机、个人防护装备等产品的加征关税。白宫方面发布的声明称,拜登政府将继续保留美国前任总统特朗普时期实施的关税政策,并进一步加大对其他产品的关税力度。
不止“301贸易调查”,经济学人智库(EIU)在5月2日的一份报告中表示,如若特朗普重新上台执政,为对华采取强硬立场,可能首先取消中国的“永久最惠国待遇”,并兑现其今年2月的承诺,重返白宫后就将对所有中国进口商品的关税提高到至少60%。报告还认为,特朗普可能采取的贸易相关行动,将会“不成比例地针对中国”及其汽车、信息技术和可再生能源领域。
中国社会科学院的中美问题专家吕祥指出,此前特朗普政府就不断污蔑中国存在所谓“不公平贸易行为”,而由于拜登政府也从未放弃“贸易战”的念头,“中方一直在为各种情况做心理准备”。
“尽管中方不能把赌注押在谈判上,但谈判还有空间。

三 | ”他补充称,无论中国怎么做,“我不认为我们会‘加戏’(add to the drama,加剧局势紧张)”。

吕祥认为:“美国大幅提高对中国电动汽车的关税更多的是象征性质,而不会对中国电动汽车行业产生任何实质性影响。”他指出,中国电动汽车制造商在国内市场以及欧洲市场相对更受欢迎,因此并不把美国视为一个主要市场,这削弱了美国政府针对他们的任何举措。
2023年12月25日,江西省赣州市,工人在冲焊生产线上焊接组装出口南美的新能源电动汽车 图自东方IC
5月15日,中国外交部发言人汪文斌曾表示,中方敦促美方切实遵守世贸组织的规则,立即取消对华加征关税措施。中方将采取一切必要措施捍卫自身权益。

四 |

对此,中国社会科学院高级研究员吕祥此前就曾预计,在拜登寻求连任之际,“一直到大选”,美国都会对中国采取行动。“中国发起反制的规模将取决于美国举动的影响有多大。”吕祥表示:“尽管此举是由选举推动的,但中国在制定反制措施时不会考虑这一点。”
美国亚洲协会政策研究院中国分析中心的中国经济问题名誉高级研究员郝福满(Bert Hofman)表示,中国可能考虑限制“对美关键投入品”的出口,同时提高从美国进口的关税。
广东省体制改革研究会执行会长彭澎则告诉《南华早报》,中方可能会采取反制措施,“以表达自己的立场”。他同时也强调:“另一方面,我们将努力减少在实际事务中的对抗强度,并尽可能少地给经济复苏带来麻烦。

五 | ”美国威拉姆特大学经济学系教授梁燕补充称,作为对冲,东南亚、拉美和非洲国家将获得中国出口商的青睐,中国也一直在拓展这些“全球南方”市场。

5月15日,中共中央政治局委员、外交部长王毅在北京同巴基斯坦副总理兼外长达尔举行第五次中巴外长战略对话后共同会见记者时,有记者问及,针对美国最近连续多次对华实施单边制裁、加征高额关税,中方有何评论。
王毅表示,一段时间以来,美国频繁对华施加单边制裁,滥用301关税,近乎疯狂地打压中国的正常经贸科技活动。这是当今世界上最典型的霸道霸凌!说明美国一些人为了维护自己的单极霸权,已经到了失去理智的程度。美方不择手段打压中国,并不能证明美国的强大,反而暴露出美方已丧失自信,乱了方寸;并不能解决美国自身存在的问题,反而会对国际产供链的正常运转造成进一步破坏;并不能因此阻止中国的发展振兴,反而会激发14亿中国人民更加奋发图强。
世贸组织已明确作出结论,美国的301关税违背世贸规则,是违反国际法的行为。世界上有基本常识的国际贸易人士也都认为,美方的这一做法既损人又不利己。美国作为世贸组织的创立者之一,不仅不愿当好表率,反而带头违规,不仅不纠正错误,反而错上加错。美方如何解释你们所标榜的“公平竞争”?如何取信于国际社会?
王毅强调,单边行径和保护主义违背时代发展潮流,必将被历史车轮碾碎。

六 | 在全球经济复苏的关键时刻,国际社会应当正告美方,不要再给世界制造新的麻烦了。

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